Permutation-pad lock



(No Model.)

J. A. L. SNYDER.

PERMUTATION PADLOCK.

No. 603,711. Patented May 10,1898.

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JOHN ANTES LATROBE` SNYDERQOF SOMIS, CALIFORNIA.

PERMVUTATloN-PADLOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part kof Letters Patent No. 603,711, dated May 10,1898.

Application filed May 28,1897.

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN ANTES LATROBE SNYDER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing near the town of Somis, in the county of Ventura andState of California, have in- Vented a new and useful Combination Bicy-`cle-Padlock, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention relates to combination-locks, and particularly to padlocksdesigned for use as bicycle-locks, and has for its object to provide akeyless lock involving a simple, inexpensive, and efficient constructionand arrangement of parts, whereby the same may -be manipulated Withoutthe aid of light, and, furthermore, to provide a lock of the class namedwherein the combinations may be readily and efficiently changed.

Further objects and advantages of this invention will appear in thefollowing description, and the novel features thereof will beparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of a lock constructed inaccordance with my invention. y Fig. 2 is a side View with thecontiguous side plate omitted. Fig. 3 is a vtransverse sectional view onthe plane indicated by the line c :n of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a verticallongitudinal section taken in the plane of the shackle.

section taken in the plane of the check-latch.

Fig. 6 is a detail View in perspective of one of the tumblers orlocking-pins;

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

Tho body portion 1 of tho look embodying' my invention consists of ablock preferably provided with a central longitudinal slot orr vopening2, intersected by a plurality of tn m- Fig. 5 is a vertical transverseserai No. esatto. (No model.)

These face-plates are preferably fitted to slide lin place upon the bodyportion of the lockcasing, the same having'l cross-sectionallydovetailedways to engage longitudinal crosssectionally-dovetailed guides 7 on theopposite side faces of the block'. Long and short arms 8 and 9 of theshackle are fitted in parallel shackle-arm guides or sockets 10 and 11,formed parallel with the longitudinal opening 2 of the block, and areshouldered, as shown at 12, to bear upon the anges at the upper ends ofthe face-plates, and thus lock said face-plates against displacementeven should the securing devices thereof be removed,while the shackle islocked in its closed or normal position.

Fitted in the transverse tumbler orlocking- Y pin seats or guides 3 arethe tumblers or locking-pins 13, of a length greater than the width ofthe lock-casing, y and fitted between the walls of the longitudinal slotork opening 2 with return springs 14, terminally bearing against saidwalls or other xed parts of the lock-casing and preferably coiled uponreduced cross-sectionally-round portions of the tumblers orlocking-pins, said tumblers or locking-pins being shouldered, as at 15,to bear against the extremities of the returnsprings and compress thelatter as the tumblers or pins are moved in one direction or y the otherby terminally-applied manualpressure.Y

The shackle-legs are recessed or cut away in the planes of the tumblersor locking-pins to form tumbler-seats 16, and the tumblers orlocking-pins are similarly cut away or recessed at intervalscorresponding with4 thoseI between the tumbler-leg guides or sockets toform main shackle-leg seats 17. While said main shackle-leg seats arespaced apart at an interval corresponding with that betweeny theshackle-leg guides or sockets, the actuatingsprings of the tumblers orlocking-pins normally and yieldingly maintain said seats out ofalinement with-the sockets, and hence when the shackle is in its normalposition it is locked by the engagement of the unrecessed or continuousportions of the tumblers or locking-pins with the tumbler-seats in thelegs thereof. Hence to release the shackle the tumblers 0r locking-pinshaving shackle- IOO leg seats out of alinement with the tumblerlegguides or sockets must be terminally pressed in one direction or theother (according to the position of the shackle-leg seats with relationto the shackle-leg guides) to cause the alinement of the seats with theguides. In other Words, when the main shackle-leg seats of the tumblersare alined with the shackle-leg guides the shackle-legs are free to beinserted and removed; but otherwise the tumblers engage the tumblerseatsof the shackle-legs, and thus lock the shackle in its closed position.

In addition to the above-described main shackle-leg seats the tumblersare provided with auxiliary shackle-leg seats 18, which are not onlyspaced apart at an interval correspending with that between theshackle-leg guides, but are normally held in registration with saidguides by the actuating-springs of the tumblers. These main andauxiliary shackle-leg seats are arranged in opposite sides of thetumblers, and hence when the tumblers are arranged in the casing todispose those sides having the main shackle-leg seats contiguous to theplane of the shackle the shackle will be engaged by said tumblers andlocked thereby, Whereas when a tumbler is disposed with that side havingthe auxiliaryshackle-leg seats toward or contiguous to the plane of theshackle the latter will not be engaged by the tumbler, but the shacklewill be free, so far as said particular tumbler is concerned, to beinserted and removed. Therefore as the tumblers are removable from theirguides in the casing and are reversible to arrange either of their sidescontiguous to the plane of the shackle either one, two, or more tumblersmay be disposed with their main shackle-leg seats in the plane of theshackle to form a certain combination, while t-he remaining tumblers maybe disposed with their auxiliary shackle-leg seats in the plane of theshackle to otter no obstacle to the insertion and removal of theshackle. By this means the tumblers may be reversed and arranged torequire the manipulation of any desired combination of the severaltumblers to release the shackle.

As above indicated, I prefer in practice to arrange a double set oftumblers disposed, respectively, upon opposite sides of the plane of theshackle not only to engage the shackle at opposite sides, but toincrease the variety of the combinations to which the lock may beadjusted, and hence to increase the difficulty of opening the lock whenthe combination is not known; but it is obvious that in order to stillfurther simplify the construction of the mechanism the lock may beprovided with only one set of tumblers arranged to engage the shackle atone side.

The short leg of the shackle, as illustrated in the drawings, isprovided with only one tumbler-seat, and fitted in the shackle-leg guideor socket in alinement with this short leg of the shackle is acheck-latch 19, provided with an actuating-spring 20, which isinterposed between its lower extremity and the closed end of the guideor socket and also provided with annular tumbler seats 21, which whenthe latch is depressed against the tension of its actuating-spring arealinedwith the tumbler-guides, and hence are adapted to allow freereciprocatory movement of the tumblers. When, therefore, the operativetumblers (by which I mean those tumblers which are so arranged in theirguides as to normally engage the tumbler-seats of the shackle-legs andto require terminal pressure in order to aline the main shackle-legseats with the shackle guides or sockets) are in their normalpositions,with the main shackleleg seats out of registration with theshackleleg guides, the check-latch is held depressed against the tensionof its actuating-spring to arrange its annular seats in the planes-ofthe tumblers; but when said operative tumblers are manually actuated toaline the main shackle-leg seats with the shackle-leg guides thecheck-latch will be advanced by means of its actuating-spring, and hencesaid operative tumblers will be temporarily locked in a position torelease the shackle. The upper end of this check-latch is arranged inthe path of the short leg of the shackle and is adapted to be depressedagainst the tension of its actuating-spring when the shackle isintroduced and pushed to its place. Therefore While the operativetumblers are temporarily locked in their releasing position by theengagement with the main shackle-leg seats of the checklatch and remainthus locked While the shackle is disengaged or is open the reinsertionof the shackle and the subsequent engagement of its short leg with theend of the check-latch will disengage the latter from the operativetumblers, and hence willl allow said tumblers to resume their. normalpositions under the tension of their actuatingsprings and hence lock theshackle in place.

In the construction illustrated the tumblers are cross-sectionallysquare or angular, and the angles thereof constitute the means wherebythe tumblers are heldy from rotation or other displacement in theirguides, while allowing the lateral removal thereof when it is desired tochange the combination by reversing one or more of the tumblers; also,it will be seen that the tumblers are so constructed as to be turned endfor end to either facilitate or make difficult the operation of properlypressing the operative tumblers in order to release the shackle.

In manipulating the lock to release the shackle the operative tumblersare manually pressed each in its proper direction and simultaneously tocause the registration of the main shackle leg seats thereof with theshackle-leg guides, and when said simultaneous registration isaccomplished the checklatch, actuated by its spring, will be advanced toengage said shackle-leg seats, and thus maintain the operative tumblersin their ad- IOS IIO

. therein with the shackle-leg guides.

j usted or set positions during the removal and subsequent replacementof the shackle, and the contact with the endof the check-latch of theextremity of the short shackle-leg will displace the check-latch againstthe tensiony of its actuating-spring and allow the operative tumblers tobe returned to their normal positions under the tension of theiractuatingsprings to rengage the tumblers with the tumbler-seats in theshackle-legs. The extension of the ends of the tumblers beyond thecontiguous Walls or exterior surfaces of the casing is preferably suchas to require said ends to be pushed inwardly approximately flush withthe said surfaces of the casingin order to aline the main shackle-legseats In other Words, the main shackle-leg seats are offset from thelines of the shackle-leg guides (when said tumblers are in their normalpositions) a distance equal to the projection of the extremities of thetumblers beyondv the contigand yieldingly held at intermediate points intheir paths of movement, said tumblers having shackle-leg seats forregistration with the shackle-leg guide,and being movable in eitherdirection from their intermediate points of rest, substantially asspecied.

2. A lock having shackle-leg-engaging tumblers reciprocably mounted andyieldingly held in their normal positions at intermediate points intheir paths of movement, whereby each tumbler is movable in eitherdirection from its point of rest, substantially as specied.

blers reciprocably mounted in guides and capable of end-for-endreversal, said tumblers 3. A lock having shackle-leg-en gagin g tum-Nguides, and tumblers mounted for reciprocation in their guides, andexceeding the same in length, for exposure at both ends thereof, andyieldingly held at intermediate points 'of their paths of movement, saidtumblers having shackle-leg seats for registration with the shackle-legguide, substantially as speciiied.

6. A lock having its casing provided With a shackle-leg guide andintersecting tumblerguides, a shackle-leg having tumbler-seats forregistration With the tumbler-guides, and reciprocable tumblers fittedin their guides and transversely reversible to arrange different sidesthereof contiguous to the plane of the shackle-leg, said tumblers beingprovided in different sides with shackle-leg seats for registration Withthe shackle-leg guide, substantially as speciiied.

7. A lock having transversely-reversible shackle-leg-engaging tumblersmounted for endwise reciprocation, and .provided in different sides Withshackle-leg seats spaced at different distances from the extremities ofthe tumblers, said tumblers being yieldingly held at intermediate pointsof their paths of movement, substantially as specified.

8. A lock having itscasing provided With open-sided tumbler-guides,movable means for closing the open sides of the guides, andcross-sectionally angular shackle engaging tumblers reciprocably mountedin the guides and transversely reversible to arrange different sidesthereof in operative position, said tumblers being yieldingly held intheir normal positions, and being provided in different sides Withshackle-leg seats arranged in different relative positions,substantially as specified.

9. A lock having its casing provided with open-sided tumbler-seats, andan intersecting slot or longitudinal opening, and shackle-legengagingtumblers reciprocably mounted in said guides and carrying coiled springsin terminal engagement With spaced shoulders on the tumblers, andarranged terminally contiguous to the Walls of said slot or longitudinalopening for bearing thereon, whereby the tumblers are movable inopposite directions from their points of rest, said tumblers beingprovided with shackle-leg seats, substantially as speciiied.

10. A lock having its casing provided With shackle-leg guidesinterseeted by transverse tumbler-guides, a shackle having its legsfitted in the shackle-leg guides and provided With tumbler-seats forregistration With tumbler-guides, tumblers reciprocablyv mounted in thetumbler guides and provided With shackle-leg seats for registration withthe shackle-leg guides, and yieldingly held out of registrationtherewith, and a check-latch reciprocably mounted in one of theshackleleg guides in the path of a shackle-leg, provided With seats forregistration with the tum- IOO IIO

registration With the tumbler-guides, springactuated tumblersreciprocably fitted in the tumbler-guides and having shackle-leg seats-for registration With the shackle-leg guides, a reciprocablecheck-latch ittedin the shackleleg guide in which the short leg of theshackle is arranged, and having tumbler-seats for registration With thetumbler-guides, and an actuating-spring for the check-latch to maintainthe latter terminally in the path of the short shackle-leg with itsseats out ofregistration with the tumbler-guides, substantially asspecified.

JOHN ANTES LATROBE SNYDER.

Witnesses:

EDWARD M. SNYDER, C. B. GREENWELL.

